This part consists of three introductory articles.

Part 1: The origin of farming and animal husbandry in Africa

Part Two: Ingredients from Africa

Part 3: A small insect defines Africa's livestock industry

The emergence and development of agriculture and animal husbandry contribute to transformation of human society.

Firstly, original uniform distribution disappears. Gradually, there is a surplus of food that satisfies survival, which will lead to a division into rich and poor, and then part of people will be cut off from productive work. Gradually, concept of class emerged.

Secondly, with advent and development of crop industry, people have ceased to be completely dependent on natural income. But become more dependent on climate change. Factors such as drought and floods will affect yields. For sake of good weather, primitive people gradually produced various rituals, such as prayers for rain and harvest, which in turn gave rise to religion and superstition.

These changes are not so bad. Only in this way can mankind gradually move towards civilization.

This change of people on our planet began in Africa.

How did gardening of man begin?

About 11,000 B.C. e. Africa has ended a period of exceptional drought. From 11,000 BC to 9000 BC Africa is getting wet.

The plant growing industry in Africa began during this wet period. According to modern archeological evidence, earliest start of plantations in North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa is 7000 BC.

7000 BC there was a Whale in Africa, so where is earliest place where humans started planting?

This is currently a subject of controversy. Currently, main competitors are China and Mesopotamia. Probably around 10,000 BC.

Interested readers can search related articles for research.

Because relief, climate and other factors of entire African continent are different. Therefore, historical process of development of African continent is also different. According to relatively unified section, it is divided into following chapters for introduction.

You will see same division in future articles on African history. Even today's high school geography textbooks are probably divided in this way.

Origin of Nile and Sahara

In 9000 B.C. e. primitive people in this part of world owned technology of collecting and grinding grain.

About 8000 B.C. e. pottery was invented, and primitive people learned how to cook porridge.

Sorghum and millet were first domesticated around 7,000 BC. e.

These Nilo-Saharan technologies spread north into Egypt and west along edge of Sahara Desert.

The people of Nilo-Sahara domesticated buffalo in Red Sea area between about 9000 BC

The wealthy Northeast

Recipes in this region are richer.

Not only above-mentioned domesticated bison from Red Sea region were introduced, but also in 3500 BC. Kushites in south began to raise cattle, sheep and goats in south of Ethiopian plateau.

There is meat, but there is sorghum, millet, lentils, etc. for vegetarians.

In addition to food, a thorn fence was built for livestock.

By 3500-1000 BC e. Kushite settlements spread throughout East Africa.

This achievement is commendable in Africa. However, China at that time was already in time of Shang and Zhou dynasties.

lagging behind southern Africa

Due to barrier of Sahara Desert combined with an era of underdeveloped navigational technology. South Africa is a different world.

About 500 BC technology of raising cattle was mastered. Around first year of our era, technology of raising cattle did not reach southernmost tip of Africa.

Agriculture has not been developed in southern Africa. People here live a nomadic life.

Poetry and distance are a pursuit, and slash-and-burn farming is not for people who are used to wandering.

West Africans growing rice

About 9,000 to 5,000 BC e. plantations also appeared in this part of world.

The main object of sowing is sweet potato crop. In addition, oil palms, peas, peanuts, and kola nuts were also grown in this area for oil extraction and winemaking.

In 3000 B.C. e. chickens were tamed, and they also learned to weave.

African rice was domesticated between 3000 and 1000 BC. e.

Don't worry, rice was grown in Africa no earlier than in our country.

Rice in my country is mainly distributed in Yangtze River basin and its southern part. The history of rice discovered in two Neolithic sites of Luojiajiao, Tongxiang, Zhejiang and Hemudu, Yuyao, is 7,000 years old

Africa is now in many ways most technologically advanced and civilized being on earth.